Fundamental Definition and 970 Threads

by substituting all values in the euler equation you get most of the terms in the fundamental equation but not (N/No)^-(c+1) How do you get this term?

The fundamental theorem of arithmetic applies to prime factorizations of whole numbers. Can this theorem also correctly be invoked for all rational numbers? For example, if we take the number 3.25, it can be expressed as 13/4. This can be expressed as 13/2 x 1/2. This cannot be broken...

"a charge smaller than e has not been found. if one determines the amount of charge on any charged body like a charged sphere or charged drop) or any charged particle (like positron, a-particle) or any ion, then its charge is always found to be an integral multiple of e, i.e., e,3e; 4e,... No...

Is there any version of string theory or cosmological inflation that allows the most fundamental laws and constants change between universes? String Theory and Cosmological Inflation are two theories or models that allow multiple universes to exist. Laws and constants of physics could change...

A possible reason why gravity won't merge with the other three fundamental forces when they are merged together is that rather than two distinct forces being left after merger (the merger and gravity) gravity is the resulting force in that merger. And all that is happening when the attempt is...

(trigonometry), phi (the golden mean), e (logarithms), i (complex numbers), Feigenbaum number (chaos theory)...what's the next fundamental constant - at least where in mathematics will it be found?A wake to imagination! {^,^}

Physicists would do well to remember that there is a fundamental rule concerning strength and reach. For about the last century it has been all but forgotten, or ignored, leading to a lot of disorder and carnage in physics.The fundamental rule is: The stronger the force, the shorter its reach...

The last time I looked, there were no electrically-neutral fundamental particles. All neutral particles in the free state "decay" into par8icles which "carry" equal and opposite electric "charges". Is electric charge necessary property of all fundamental "particles"? How is the "particle"...

In a recent paper:arXiv:astro-ph/0202374vlAnyway, the paper is most interesting, nearly a gut feeling!Life is a Song of SearchThe Uni-verse Sings on high.

How come there are are different forces like gravitation and the strong and weak nuclear force (What are the other ones?)Are all these forces the same but just different phases of the same force depending on the conditions in which the matter exists?

UR^2=conststate of physics before me.SoRdU+2UdR=0If the changes are smallR(U-Uo)=-2U(R-Ro)since UR^2=const=UoRo^2R(Ro-R)(Ro+R)Uo/R^2=-2Ro^2(R-Ro)Uo/R^2orR(Ro+R)=2Ro^2derivatedRVo+RoV+2RV=4RoVo(R-4Ro)Vo+(Ro+2R)V=0since V=adt(-3Ro+3R)Vo+(Ro+2R)adt=03dRVo/dt+(Ro+2R)a=03VVo/(Ro+2R)=-aIf the changes...

e2/hc ratio is 1/137 (don't remember in what system -SGSM?)The dimensionless character of this ratio suggests that one quantity is actually derivative of the two others. Because usually h and c are considered fundamental constants, can we conclude that e is derivative (non-fundamental)?The above...

i want to know if there is a theory that argues that the quark and electron are made of the same thing but in different quantity or some other property?by the way i know this thread should have been posted in theory development sub-forum but i have a hunch it would not get the same attention as...

Does any problem of mathematics not refer to at least one (geometrically interpretable) point?A wake to imagination! {^,^}

how do such forces as the weak force or the strong force or electromagnetism become unified at high temperatures. What happens at these high temperature levels that makes people think the two forces no longer are distinguishable. I dont' understand what people are doing to give themselves the...

Well known that atom consist of particles protron, neutron, electron and etc. Each of them do not look like another. They differ by the mass and the other feature( the charge, absence of the charge, spin ..)If their mass differring consequently amount that from what they are made too...

I recently had the idea of getting a large group of people together to come up with the properties of the most fundamental element. that would make up nutrions, barons, etc. I realize this would be a lot of work and calculation, and i will be willing to join you when my studies are through (I...

confirmed to be uncertain (hup) in values of measurements for particles or waves, infact it has been stated here, there?...everywhere that measurement of everykind has a factor of uncertainty?If SO then how can we take light to be measured so precise?How come nature has eluded man's attempts in...

Hi,Am I correct in the following:4 fundamentall forces of natures are:1) strong nuclear2) weak nuclear3) gravitational4) electromagneticis there such a thing as "chemical force"Also are the basic fundamental energy types:1) potential;2) kinetic;3) nuclear;4) chemical.and are all other enrgy...

Two questions that puzzel me: please give me your suggestions.1) Most advanced/further/higher maths is always based on other ideas and theories previously learnt. Down in the heart of equations and theories can be found very simple everyday functions and processes like...

quote:quote:Originally posted by alexander:Stephen, origin of natural laws and natural phenomena from math is called physics, not a philosophy.Would you mind to move the topics back ?Lifegaizer:The problem Alexander, is that you are accrediting 'math' as 'The creator' of everything. Once you...

Although we often frame physics in terms of a Cartesian symmetry, spherical symmetry is predominant, if not universal in our cosmos. Cubic symmetric crystals are the expression of one mode of many resonances possible for spherical atomic orbitals. In physics, 90oangles are little more...

This topic is serious, and I want some real concerted, practical help in this thread.quick versionI am wondering if the universe operates on 'a' or 'a number of' fundamental laws which underly all of the typical 'Physics' style laws that we are used to dealing with (ie: E=MC2 and F=MA etc).To...

Physics aspires for unification, and distinguishes dualities. But where in physics is the most significant example of a triad, i. e., a three-valued symmetry of fundamental physico-mathematical objects?Phase reality!{^,^}

abf(x) x= g(b)-g(a). Some know this. But in my book, the example for a parabola is: "The area under a region with a curved boundary such as the graph of a function f between the numbers a and b, can be found by a method that does not use the limits of the sums of the areas of the rectangles...

See Exponential Powers of Electromagnetic Radiation under "Physics"Powers of Light

First of all, there are currently 3, right? Gravity, Electroweak, and Strong?Anyways...Gravity I understand, and when I fully understand the other 2 I can work it into my theory- it's the attraction of all mass toward other masses. It's force carrier particle is the graviton, which is...

Just a curious question, is there a limit within the standard model on how many fundamental forces there can be? I have some familiarity with particle physics/QFT(not quite mastery obviously otherwise Id probably be able to answer this myself) and the thought popped in my head when reading about...

I designed a parametric CAD model of a whistle that can be 3D printed. Basically I designed the internal airspaces, put a skin around it, and printed it. Combine two of these in the same enclosing body, with slightly different frequencies, and you get a warbling sound similar to a pea whistle...

What feature of the equations of classical physics show that space and time are fundamental and how would the equations differ if space and time were not fundamental but emergent? I heard all of this from a previous talk and I would appreciate any help and any further reading recommendations.

As you can see form my previous posts, I am in my first university level calculus class ever. It is going very well, and through the class I am asking good questions and trying to actually make connection with the stuff we arr doing - not just doing the math just for the sake of passing - I am...

Would there be any fundamental reasoning (i.e. excluding cost, energy, and resources) that we could not build a modern day CPU using Si JFETs rather than Si CMOS? I realize the JFET device size would be huge, and the absences of enhancement mode JFETs may impact power consumption, but would...

I found this video showing an elementary proof of the FTA.

I remember about 20 years ago a colleague had to start using the Dragon Voice Recognition software on his EE design PC because he had developed really bad carpal tunnel pain, and he had to train the software to recognize his voice and limited phrases. That was the state of the art not too long...

Paul Dirac proposed a hypothesis called "Large Numbers Hypothesis" (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirac_large_numbers_hypothesis), where he basically stated that, if he was correct, laws of physics would change with time. But what about fundamental laws and constants? (Not only 'effective'...

Is "Knowledge" in quantum Psi-Epistemic interpretation fundamental or emergent? And what does it mean? What do you think? https://backreaction.blogspot.com/2019/08/the-problem-with-quantum-measurements.html "One way to deal with the measurement problem is to argue that the wave-function does...

The Hubble tension or Hubble discrepancy is a contradiction between the Hubble constant as measured today, and the Hubble constant as measured in the early universe and extrapolated to today. @mfb recently listed the relevant measurements. There are some threads about this in the Cosmology...

is there a rigorous version of this proof of fundamental theorem of calculus?if yes,what is it?and who came up with it? i sort of knew this short proof of the fundamental theorem of calculus since a long while...but never actually saw it anywhere in books or any name associated with it. i know...

In Smolin peer reviewed papers, he proposed time was fundamental. The ideas were summarized briefly in his new book "Einstein's Unfinished Revolution. He wrote that "If time is more fundamental than space, then during the primordial stage, in which space is dissolved into a network of relations...

Summary: If 5 of the quarks can eventually decay into the up (plus other stuff), why are they still considered fundamental? I can't decide if I'm just misinterpreting the word fundamental in this particular usage or if there is something about the non-up quarks that makes them fundamental even...

I'm troubled by what I think the 'community' considers them to be, but I'm not sure if I'm correct. It appears as though finite is thought to have both an end and a beginning, but is it true that infinite (infinity) is thought to only have no end? Is this accurate? If so, then it would seem like...

I do not know how to declare time t and unit steps. The image of problems to get a better understanding as well.

M-Theory is a theory of membranes which are the fundamental objects of the theory (M2 and M5 branes), however these objects are considered solitons, solutions of supergravity. How can membranes be "fundamental" if they are solitonic solutions of supergravity? Or am I missing something? And is...

determine their general solution and give a system of fundamental solutions. use the different techniques of diagonal, diagonalizedable, or triangular. $\begin{cases} y'_1 & =3y_1 \\ y'_2 & =2y_2\end{cases}$ set matrix $A= \begin{pmatrix}0 &3\\0 &2\end{pmatrix}$ then find...

(A)My textbook states the following : (1) The example explaining the italicised statement is rather confusing. My understanding of the statement is that we need to include one extra significant figure than what the relevant rule requires us to round off to, for intermediate...

In the 1970s, Ni formulated an alternative theory of gravity (The Astrophysical Journal {\bf 176}, 769 (passage on pages 791 f); see also Misner-Thorne-Wheeler, page 1070). Though in conflict with observation, I am interested in its fundamental properties. Ni has a scalar ##\Phi## as the...

A monic polynomial of degree N has N number of coefficients. The product of N number of linear factors has N number of free terms. A complex number has 2 DOF. Therefore, both a monic polynomial and the product of free terms have 2N number of DOF of real values. Thus, it must be possible to...

Sorry for the misspelling, but this forum doesn't allow enough characters for the title. The title should be: For the topological proof of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra, what is the deal when the roots are at the same magnitude, either at different complex angles, or repeated roots? I...

Homework Statement Find the fundamental solution to the unbounded problem $$t u''(t) - u'(t) = \delta_0.$$ Homework Equations Variation of parameters. The Attempt at a Solution I'm not sure how to use variation of parameters on this since it's an unbounded problem, so I'm not even trying to...

I know the textbook definitions and descriptions of the phenomenon, but I'm hoping for a fundamental WHY. I can see that when a water wave passes an obstacle, the wave spreads out into that object's shadow because the wave's energy is not constrained to any direction and so it will move out in...