Solid Definition and 1000 Threads

In object-oriented computer programming, SOLID is a mnemonic acronym for five design principles intended to make software designs more understandable, flexible, and maintainable. The principles are a subset of many principles promoted by American software engineer and instructor Robert C. Martin, first introduced in his 2000 paper Design Principles and Design Patterns.The SOLID concepts are

The Single-responsibility principle: "There should never be more than one reason for a class to change." In other words, every class should have only one responsibility.
The Open–closed principle: "Software entities ... should be open for extension, but closed for modification."
The Liskov substitution principle: "Functions that use pointers or references to base classes must be able to use objects of derived classes without knowing it". See also design by contract.
The Interface segregation principle: "Many client-specific interfaces are better than one general-purpose interface."
The Dependency inversion principle: "Depend upon abstractions, [not] concretions."The SOLID acronym was introduced later, around 2004, by Michael Feathers.Although the SOLID principles apply to any object-oriented design, they can also form a core philosophy for methodologies such as agile development or adaptive software development.

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  1. J

    Volume of a Solid By Revolution

    Homework Statement Find the volume of the solid generated by revolving about the line x=-1, the region bounded by the curves y=-x^2 + 4x - 3, and y=0. Homework Equations Shell Method? The Attempt at a Solution V= 2pi * ∫x* f(x) dx, where a and b are the lower and upper limits of...
  2. P

    Volume of solid x=1+y^2 using shell method

    Homework Statement Volume of solid rotated about x-axis x=1+y^2, y=1, y=0, x=0 using shell method Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution so i set up the integral with ∫2pi(y)(1+y^2)dy from 1 to 2 which is apparently wrong, but i don't know why.
  3. H

    Need advice: should I take solid state physics?

    Somehow I missed my registration notification for Fall and the E&M and Mathematical Physics classes are full. I am an astrophysics major. I wanted to take nuclear physics, but it will not be offered again until Fall 2014. I will be taking thermodynamics in the fall, but I am wondering if I...
  4. MarkFL

    MHB Frank Rodgriguez's question at Yahoo Answers regarding a solid of revolution

    Here is the question: Here is a link to the question: Find the volume of the solid obtained by revolving the region enclosed by y = xe^x , y = 0 and x = 1? - Yahoo! Answers I have posted a link there to this topic so the OP can find my response.
  5. S

    MHB Solid of revolution vs. area below 1/x

    How come the area below the graph of \frac 1x between [1, \infty) does not exist, but the solid of revolution below the same graph in that same interval does exist? I do not see the logic.
  6. MarkFL

    MHB SW1986's question at Yahoo Answers regarding a solid of revolution

    Here is the question: Here is a link to the question: Volume of a solid of revolution about x=3? - Yahoo! Answers I have posted a link there to this topic so the OP can find my response.
  7. L

    Mechanical Engineers: Help Designing a Solid Shaft

    to my fellow mechanical engineers, please help me with some basic machine design problems. a certain drive shaft rotating at 500 rpm transmits 200 hp to an 8 inch diameter gear. Design a suitable solid shaft for this application. the shaft is ductile. Design stresses are to be limited to...
  8. N

    Solving Solid Disk Rolling Up Incline: Find Height h

    Homework Statement A solid disk of mass m and radius R rolls without slipping with a velocity v. Assuming it doesn't slip, how far vertically will it roll up an incline? Homework Equations I=0.5mr2 E=0.5Iω2 KE=0.5mv2 PE=mgh The Attempt at a Solution I'm thinking that we need to...
  9. D

    Amount of CO2 vaporized in a phase change from liquid to solid & vapor

    Homework Statement Saturated liquid CO2 is at T= 293 K and P=5.72*10^6 Pa and undergoes throttling to P=1.01*10^5. The resulting solid and vapor mixture is at T = 195 K. What fraction of the carbon dioxide is vaporized? (The enthalpy of the saturated liquid in the initial state is 24,200...
  10. I

    Find the volume of the solid obtained by revolving the region

    Homework Statement Alright well I think I have this right, but my teacher has it done a different way.. Find the volume of the solid obtained by revolving the region bounded by y=x2+1; y=9-x2 about y=-1. Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution So I thought the integral would...
  11. M

    Calculating Volume of Solid Rotated about Y-axis from Bounded Curves

    Homework Statement Consider the region bounded by the curves y= lnx and y=( x-3)^2 Find the volume of the solid obtained by rotating the region about the y-axis Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution For this I solve for the x so i got x= e^y and x= (y)^(1/2) +3...
  12. A

    Is there an indent when standing on a solid surface?

    Does anyone know for sure that when standing in a single spot (for a better idea we will say on a block of steel) that there is a microscopic indent (not permanent) on the steel block. For more elaboration I see it as the same aspect as walking on a plank of wood and it will bend due to your...
  13. A

    Solid state physics fermi surface

    Homework Statement Some atoms in Cu crystal (Cu has a FCC lattice) are replaced by Zn atoms. Taking into account that Zn is bivalent, while Cu is monovalent, calculate the atomic ratio of Zn to Cu in ZnCu alloy at which the Fermi surface touches the first Brillouin zone faces. Use the...
  14. A

    Volume of the Solid bounds and integral

    Find the volume of the solid obtained by rotating about the y-axis the region bounded by the curves y= e-2x^2, y=0, x=0, x=1. Should the bounds for the problem be taken from the y-axis or the x-axis? I think that the integral for this problem would be: ∏∫(e-2x^2)dx , is this correct
  15. D

    Finding volume/mass of 3D Solid

    Homework Statement The volume shown lies above a square in the (x, y) plane having corners (4, 1), (5, 1), (5, 2), and (4, 2). The remaining two surfaces are planes defined by z1 = 2x + 4y + 7 and z2 = 3x + 6y + 8. The density of this object is 880.y. Determine a) the volume of this object...
  16. M

    Drag - Terminal Velocity of a solid sphere.

    Homework Statement A solid sphere - 20mm in diameter, σ (specific gravity) = 1.3 dropped in water μ=1*10^-3 and ρ=1000 determine the terminal velocity for the sphere. (hint- guess the value for the drag coefficient then iterate) Homework Equations Fd=(1/2)*Cd*ρ*(U^2)*A...
  17. L

    Solid State - Phonons at Brillouin Zone Boundary

    Homework Statement Homework Equations {3.9b} A[2\mu -m\omega ^2 ]=2\mu Bcos(\frac{ka}{2}) B[2\mu -M\omega ^2 ]=2\mu Acos(\frac{ka}{2}) The Attempt at a Solution All I can think of is setting k =\frac{\pi}{a} so that B[2\mu -M\omega ^2 ]=A[2\mu -m\omega ^2 ] solve for omega...
  18. C

    Inverse Square Law - Calculating the solid angle

    Hi Everyone, For an individual inquiry and formal lab report task at school I have chosen to conduct an experiment to find out whether hot shoe mounted flash units follow the inverse square law and how the flash zoom is affected by the inverse square law. My first question is that In order...
  19. J

    Finding mass and center of mass of solid

    Homework Statement Find the mass and the center of mass of the solid E with the given density function ρ(x,y,z). E is bounded by the parabolic cylinder z = 1 – y2 and the planes x + 4z = 4, x=0, and z=0; ρ(x,y,z) =6. m=? x=? y=? z=? Homework Equations z = 1 – y2 and the planes x...
  20. J

    Calculate the volume of the solid of revolution of f(x)=e^x

    Homework Statement Calculate the volume of the solid of revolution formed by rotating the region around the y-axis. Apply the shell method. f(x)=e^x, x=0, y=8 Homework Equations V=∫2∏x((f(x))-g(x))dx The Attempt at a Solution This is what I did: (I integrated from 0 to 8)...
  21. C

    Proofing Moment of Inertia Solid Sphere

    Homework Statement Can i use "pyramid" method to derive the equation of Moment Inertia solid sphere? The pyramid is such we slice a watermelon. Sorry for my bad english. Regards. Homework Equations 2/5 MR^2 The Attempt at a Solution
  22. C

    What is the volume of a solid formed by rotating a region around the y-axis?

    Homework Statement Find the volume of the solid formed by revolved the region bound by the graps of y =x^2 + 1, x=0, and y =10 around the y axis. Homework Equations pi r^2 The Attempt at a Solution The x bound 0 is given to us. I solved for y=10 by 10=x^2 + 1 I am not sure if I...
  23. Z

    Solid State - Sommerfeld Drude Model, Calculating N of Elect.

    Hello PF :) Homework Statement Consider a system of N electrons at temperature T = 0, each having a mass of m, confined to volume V. Find the number of electrons that: a) have momentum p<p_f/2 b) ... Homework Equations The relevant equations can be derived below: but here is a...
  24. 2

    Estimation of the volume of a solid.

    Homework Statement Estimate the volume of the solid whose base is bounded by the graphs of y = x + 3 and y = x2 − 3, and bounded by the surface z=x2+y from above, using the indicated rectangular cross sections taken perpendicular to the x-axis (figure is not the actual graph of the functions...
  25. Runei

    Solid State Physics prerequisites

    Hey there, What would you say the prerequisites are for learning Solid State Physics? Both mathematics wise and physics wise. Thank you :)
  26. M

    Radiant energy, spectral absorption and solid angles

    Hi I'm trying to follow a derivation, I don't think I'm allowed to post the content (copyright) but the paper is here: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/002240739290117M. Does anyone have access to this and know a little bit about integrating over solid angles? I've spend half...
  27. sergiokapone

    How High Must a Rod Fall to Hit a Table Elastically at Both Ends?

    Homework Statement Rod AB of length 2l, inclined to the horizontal at an angle \phi, falls, without rotating, with some height h on a horizontal table and hits the table surface elastically first left, then right end. During the strike the right end, the rod again consist angle with the...
  28. dexterdev

    Is solid state device physics a must learn subject to design circuits

    Hi, Is solid state device physics a must learn subject to design analog circuits. -Devanand T
  29. D

    Ashcroft & Mermin, Solid State Physics, Chapter 16, Problem 2

    Solving Boltzmann equation Homework Statement Taken from Ashcroft & Mermin, Solid State Physics, Chapter 16, Problem 2: "A metal is perturbed by a spatially uniform electric field and temperature gradient. Making the relaxation-time-approximation (16.9) (where g0 is the local equilibrium...
  30. MarkFL

    MHB NICK's question at Yahoo Answers regarding a solid of revolution

    Here is the question: Here is a link to the question: Calculus ii question!? - Yahoo! Answers I have posted a link there to this topic so the OP can find my response.
  31. twoski

    Finding Volume of Solid Rotated Using Washers and Disks

    Homework Statement Using disks or washers, find the volume of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by the curves y = x^2 and y = 4 about the line y = 4 The Attempt at a Solution Since y=4 is parallel to the x-axis i assume i should be using the 'washer' method. The points of...
  32. L

    Induced charge on a solid metal sphere

    All I understand clearly that if a metal sphere is charged then the charges must reside on the surface because that is the only way there is no electric field within the metal. However if you imagine a neutral metal sphere, and let's say it is suddenly enclosed by a uniformly charged metal...
  33. N

    Transient heat conduction in 1D solid

    1D solid, 0<x<L, with the following boundary conditions: The whole solid is at T = T1 at t=0. x = 0 is held constant at initial temperature T1 for all t. There is a constant flow of heat, dQ/dt out of the solid at x = L. T(0,t) = T1, T(L,0) = T1, How do we go about solving the heat equation...
  34. K

    Solid state DC circuit breaker to protect a load

    My choice of solid state Dc circuit breaker is the Mosfet, easily available( i got loads!) i want the mosfet to interrupt the circuit to protect the load from overvoltages This is what I've done so far, please help its not working the way i want it to. note to mods: i also put this...
  35. K

    Solid state DC circuit breaker, used to protect a load

    My choice of solid state Dc circuit breaker is the Mosfet, easily available( i got loads!) i want the mosfet to interrupt the circuit to protect the load from overvoltages This is what I've done so far, please help its not working the way i want it to. the resistor connected to the...
  36. Y

    Unlock the Secrets of Solid State Devices with Expert Resources - Let Us Help!

    Hi, I am currently struggling in my solid state device class, and i am looking for some links/site that could help me understand more about such. please help! Thank You!
  37. M

    What Specifies Energy Bands in Solid?

    n is the band index and k is the electron wave vector. Now is energy band specified when for each n , k runs through all the values available that specify periodic boundary conditions ? But in Ashcroft Mermin , it is also given that for a given k , there exists an infinite family of solutions...
  38. S

    Isothermal and Adiabatic Compression of a Solid

    Homework Statement A 200g cylinder of metallic copper is compressed isothermally and quasi-statically at 290K in a high-pressure cell. A) Find the change in internal energy of the copper when the pressure is increased from 0 to 12kbar. B) How much heat is exchanged with the surrounding fluid...
  39. S

    Complex vector potential of solid sphere and Heaviside function

    Homework Statement I have done this problem for the case of a spherical shell, however, I am not understanding how to go about this for a solid sphere. Homework Equations \vec{A} = \frac{1}{4 \pi} \int_{\phi' = 0}^{2 \pi} \int_{-1}^1 \int_0^R \rho_o \Theta(R-r) \sum_{l=0}^\infty...
  40. M

    Need verification on a couple of solid mechanics exercises

    Like the tittle says.. I am practicing and wanted to make sufre I did it correctly. Forma this excersice the only doubt es en the las parte ( parte 5)... I am not sufre but i think I need to use .005 rather than .05
  41. A

    Contact angle of liquid drop on solid surface.2

    Can anyone explain point 44 of the attached pdf document on surface tension. (Here's the link in case attachment doesn't work: http://www.sakshieducation.com/EAMCET/QR/Physics/Jr%20Phy/12Surface%20tension%20_198-208_.pdf How is the surface tension direction found out? {i know it...
  42. G

    Electric field within a solid sphere

    Homework Statement A nonconducting, solid sphere of radius a is placed at the center of a spherical conducting shell of inner radius b (> a) and outer radius c, as shown in the figure below. A charge +Q is distributed uniformly through the sphere, which thus carries a charge density ρ...
  43. heycoa

    Solid State Physics | electrons | thermal conduction

    Homework Statement Explain why electrons carry a net energy but not a net current in the case of thermal conduction. Homework Equations n/a The Attempt at a Solution n/a Please help me understand this!
  44. P

    Need help with finding surface area of a solid of revolution

    1. Use the integration capabilities of a graphing utility to approximate the surface area of the solid of revolution. (Round your answer to four decimal places.) Function: y = sin(x) Interval: [0, pi/4] revolved about the x-axis 2. Use the area of a surface of revolution...
  45. D

    How to Find the Volume of a Rotating Solid?

    Homework Statement Region: f(x) = 2 sin x on the interval [0, π]. Find the volume of the 3D solid obtained by rotating this region about the dashed line y = −1. Homework Equations Integration of pi∫(2sin(x) + 1)^2 dx The Attempt at a Solution...
  46. heycoa

    Solid State | Lattice constant | BCC -> HCP

    Homework Statement Sodium transforms from bcc to hcp at about T=23K. Assuming that the density remains fixed and the c/a ratio is ideal (1.633), calculate the hcp lattice constant a, given that the lattice constant a'=4.23 Angstrom in the cubic phase Homework Equations I can't find any...
  47. M

    Is the Earth's Core Solid or Liquid?

    Hi Guys, This may seem like a stupid question but if the Earth gets hotter the closer to the core you get, then why is the inner core apparently solid? Yet the outer core is liquid? They are both (inner/outer cores) made of roughtly the same stuff, and assuming pressure alone is what...
  48. MarkFL

    MHB Rickkyredu's question at Yahoo Answers (shell method for solid of revolution)

    Here is the question: Here is a link to the question: Shell method calculus? - Yahoo! Answers I have posted a link there to this topic so the OP may find my response.
  49. J

    Find the volume of the solid generated by rotating the region bounded

    Homework Statement Find the volume of the solid generated by rotating the region bounded by the x-axis, the curve y=3x^4, and the lines x=1 and x= -1. The axis of rotation is the y-axis. Homework Equations Washers method: V=∏∫ [(R)^2 - (r)^2]dr x = (y/3)^(1/4) The Attempt at a...
  50. K

    Any good books on Solid State Physics with examples?

    Can anyone please recommend me a good book on undergraduate level solid state physics preferably with plenty of examples for self study? Thanks.
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