Transition Definition and 544 Threads

Has anyone here done any study with automata? i'm interested in deriving a general model, in a state + transition encoded way; that's a parsing grammnar approach to start with, then generalize it further to a sort of wavevector/wavefunction algebra; a QM model since I study QI at the mo. IS...

1. Is a 4p -> 4s transition allowed in sodium? If so, what is the wavelength? If not, why not? (Z = 11 for sodium) 2. \Deltal = |l2 - l1| = 1 That is for the first question, in which case it is allowed, hence |0-1| = |-1| = 1, and meets the requirements for the equation. The second...

I am a rising sophomore and am currently registered for Physics I (calc) and Calculus II. However, I am attempting a double major (phys, math), and have started late...so I would like to double up on my maths for the next 2-3 semesters. I am currently learning Calculus II, so when I take the...

Hello, I usually just read the threads and watch the lectures on the forums so I haven't really had a reason to sign up until now. Given an academic guidance sub-forum I figured I'd give my question a try. Did anyone of you find high school boring, but come into your own during college? When...

i do not really understand wigmer-mermin theorem in my impression, it states that there is no continuous symmetry breaking in 1d and 2d so does wigner-mermin theorem rules out SF-Mott insulator transtion in 1d and 2d lattices ?

E of nlow to nhigh= -2.178*10^-18 * Z^2/nhigh^2 - nlow^2 find the energy needed to remove an electron completely from a hydrogen atom and the energy needed to remove one mol of electrons from one mol of hydrogen atoms Z= 1 nhigh= infinity nlow=1 E = 2.178*10^-18 J one mole of electrons...

We had a post-doctoral candidate interviewing this week who did his dissertation on OTR generated by relativistic electrons crossing a solid/vacuum interface. Unfortunately for him, he clearly didn't understand transition radiation, but it piqued the interest of the rest of us who interviewed...

Ok, I finished my physics I calculus based class, and really I don't feel like I learned a lot or mastered the material. I would spend many minutes nearing hours trying to think over my homework but with a load of other classes and the fact that we got all the hard and I do mean hard problems...

OK. I'm scared... this is the book I just got that one of my classes is using, and, reading the reviews on amazon ... well, you be the judge. I've never seen so many 1 star reviews for a textbook: https://www.amazon.com/dp/0534399002/?tag=pfamazon01-20 Has anyone used it? (this is the...

can anybody tell me why in general phase transition is not possible in one dimension? and for a lattice gas at low temp. why it requires long range order to occur phase transition?

Homework Statement p1 goes to p2 p2 goes to p3 p3 goes to p1 p4 goes to p3 Assume that surfers have an 80% chance of following one of the links on the page, and a 20% chance of jumping to a random page. (a) Write the transition matrix A representing the surfing process. (b) Is A...

Homework Statement well i have my algebra exam coming up and my teacher told us that there is going to be a markov chain problem. the only problem i have is that i don't know how to get the initial transition matrix, which is crucial in getting full marks. can someone help me in determining how...

FEM -- mesh generator, transition elements Hello, I would like to implement 2D mesh generator. Mesh should consists of triangle and rectangle elements and those triangle elements will play a role of transition elements. The example of such mesh is here: http://pkow.pl/transition_element.jpg...

Homework Statement First year-linear algebra (Proof based... and this is my first exposure to proofs so I'm like... lol). This question is pretty computational though. Find J, The Jordan Canonical form of a Given Matrix A, and an invertible Matrix Q such that J = Q(A)(Q^-1) Homework...

Homework Statement Find the transition matrix from B to C and find [x]C B = {(3,1), (-1,-2)} C = {(1,-3),(5,0)} [x]B = [-1 -2]T Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution No clue :(

Hi! I really need some help I'm really really not good at physics...so Here it is 1) The electron energy of a hydrogen atom is given by -C/n^2 relative to zero energy at infinite separation between the electron and the proton (n is the principle quantum number, and C is a constant). For...

The harmonic oscillator is a model for the vibrating diatomic molecule. The energy expression for this model is given by: Ev = (v+1/2) hν v = 0, 1, 2, 3,… (ν = oscillator frequency) Use this expression to predict the wavenumber (cm-1) position of the infrared absorption due to the...

Homework Statement I need help with this problem please. My partner and I have stared at this problem and keep going in circles and can't seem to figure out how to work this problem. Please help! One mole of an ideal diatomic gas undergoes a transition from a to c along the diagonal path in...

Homework Statement A line of wavelength \lambda = 1091nm is observed in the hydrogen spectrum. Identify the transition that leads to this line. Homework Equations I don't know what this is asking... The Attempt at a Solution

Homework Statement A hydrogen atom has its electron in the n = 2 state. The electron makes a transition to the ground state. The linear momentum of the emitted photon is E/c. If we assume conservation of linear momentum, what is the recoil velocity of the atom? Homework Equations v_n =...

we know that at temperature above 0K, in semiconductor some electron collecting sufficient energy fron surroundings to cross the band gap, placed in the conduction band. But what's the actual procedure to make the transition. I mean to say is it direct absorption of IR photons or by some other...

In case of indirect transition in an indirect semiconductor material, momentum as well as energy changes. I got from the book "solid state electronics devices" by Streetmen & Banerjee that in such kind of transition "the energy is generally given up as heat to latice rather than as an emitted...

Hi, I'm looking to find a function y=f(x), invertible to x=f(y) and written in terms of elementary functions and operations, that can represent a straight line Ax+B where x<<T and another straight line Cx+D where x>>T, where T is the x position where the two lines would cross. In the region...

Homework Statement Show that if n = m^3 - m for some integer m, then n is a multiple of 6.Homework Equations The relevant information is we don't know modular arithmetic yet, and the only methods of proof we have available are direct proof, contradiction, and counterexample.The Attempt at a...

Hi! I read in Zinn-Justin, that first order phase transitions always have a finite correlation length. Since correlation length is the inverse of the smallest physical mass within a model, this would mean that there can be no Goldstone bosons for a 1st order phase transition. How can that be...

Is there is a reason why the elements in that 'family' tend to be more satisfied with having their higher s orbitals half filled before their d orbitals and another thing, why is it that from Sc to Zn its size remains static (that is strange considering its Z eff is increasing)? There's also...

Homework Statement Its not a specific homework problem, buta general problem that a friend and I keep arguing about it. Assume you have a system of: N Particles. 2 Possible States, A && B @ t=0 all N particles are in state A (such that c_a*c_a = P_a = 1) where c_a is the coefficient...

I am new at this and apologize if this is an inappropriate question per the rules. I hope it is not but I imagine it might be. In all cases, maybe this goes without saying, but in all cases I am looking not only for the answer to my question but also the basis of the answer. I am interested...

Hi, I am looking for some opinions on making the transition from computations to proof-writing. Next year, I plan on taking Honors Calculus at the University of Chicago and rather than learning axioms or any new mathematical concepts, I'd like to learn how to express mathematical ideas better...

Hi, Sorry to be a pain but I can't find what I'm looking for on the internet and our lab is locked. I need to know the accepted transtition temperature for Yttrium Barium Copper Oxide (YBa2Cu3O(7-x) Is anyone able to give me a figure or ideally point me in the direction of a web...

Im trying to figure out how to do this question. This is an example in the book i have. I am not sure how they got the answer. Here is the example from the book: Find the Transition Matrix P from the basis B={t+1, 2t, t-1} to B'={4t^{2}-6t, 2t^{2}-2, 4t} for the space R[t]. A little...

Hello! My textbook quotes the probability W of a transition between the levels 1 and 2 of a laser that appears in the rate equations. For E_2 = E_1 +h\nu it is supposed to be given by: W = \frac{1}{\tau VD(\nu)\Delta\nu} where \tau is the lifetime of the level 2 (probably for...

1. Problem Evaluate \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} z^{2} e^{-A \sqrt{x^{2}+y^{2}+z^{2}}} dxdydz 2. Useful Formulae none 3. Attempt at Solution Well, this is part of a much larger problem. I am trying to compute the dipole moment matrix elements...

I have a question that my teacher can't answer. :( I get that with the electronic configurations for atoms, an s shell fills before a d shell but also empties before a d shell. Okay. So the last couple of subshells for iron are 4s2 3d6; Fe2+ would be 4s0 3d6 and Fe3+ would be 4s0 3d5...

Homework Statement Can someone please explain to me why there can never be a phase transition in the 1D Ising model? Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution I have read the argument that if we start at T=0, all spins along the 1D chain are aligned (say up). Then if we...

U(x,y)=Asin(pi*x/Lx) + Bcos(pi*y/Ly) where A,B,Lx,Ly are positive 1 Locate all the stationary points (i.e. minima, maxima and transition states (TS)) for this potential. a. What is the periodicity of U(x,y) along the two directions? b. Derive the TS barriers that an atom diffusing on...

Greetings, I have a PhD in Biomedical Physics, research in radiation biology and now a faculty position in cell and molecular biology. I want to return to medical physics but I lack the clinical courses needed, what is the best route to get this experience? Thanks.

TRANSITION state = > help ! I don't know how start with this problem , can someone help me please Knowing the TST rate constants for the diffusion steps along x and y, it becomes possible to study the long-time evolution of the atom position on the surface using Kinetic Monte Carlo . The...

A dynamic interurban of people shows the following Markov Transition Matrix of residents to urban, suburban and rural areas: __________Urban___Suburban____Rural Urban ... a...b...y suburban... o.....q.....z Rural ... 1-a-o ...1-b-q ... 1-y-z A = 0.9 O = 0.05 B = 0.1 Q = 0.7 Y = 0.1...

Pressure induced transition of graphite to diamond -- homework help Homework Statement Process is being carried out at 25*C and requires an increase in pressure until he graphite and diamond are in equilibrium. The following data is given at 25*C dG(25*C, 1atm) = gdiamond - ggraphite =...

Homework Statement My calculations indicate that the 2->1 transition in deuterium is lower energy than the 2->1 transition in hydrogen. I think I am making a mistake, does anyone know whether that is true? Is there a reference I can check? Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution

Homework Statement (the actual question is now as an attachment) Assuming that the perturbation V(x,t)=\betax exp(-\gamma t) is applied at t = 0 to a harmonic oscillator (HO) in the ground state, calculate to the first approximation the transition probabilty to any excited state n\geq1...

Homework Statement X and Y are two stationary states of a particle in a spherically symmetric potential. In which of the following situations will the wave functions of the two states be orthogonal? I X and Y correspond to different energies. II X and Y correspond to different total orbital...

Homework Statement Find the wavelength of the sodium transition 3p^{1},^{2}P -> 3s^{1},^{2}S Homework Equations E_{n,l} = -\frac{hcR}{(n - d(n,l))^{2}} d(3,s) = 1.374 d(3,p) = 0.884 \lambda = \frac{\hbar c}{\Delta E} The Attempt at a Solution Plugging the numbers in ain't...

Dear everydody can you please help me to understand how can by heating your sample they jumb from Insulater state to an metal state when we rich to a certain value of temperature for exemple the Rare Earth Nickelate compounds. Best regard Ngom

Can you give us the transition rules regarding four quantum no.s?

Homework Statement So the transition temperture is defined when at a given temperture the mean number of particles in the lowest state is 0. So does that imply there are tempertures where the mean value is a negative number? The Attempt at a Solution If not than surely at 1000k, the...

Well I am doing a project suffice to say on electron transfer. In protein complexes it has been shown that förster equation gives pretty good results, so I am trying to understand this equation. But there seems to be not much resource on that (I think I will be buying Förster's own book...

Can someone briefly explain the definition or the difference between a cold and hot transition of light? Hot transition involves a change in an atoms vibration and standing wave patterns from absorbtion of higher frequency, such as skin sunburn from long exposures to ultraviolet light or...

bb] The dipole transition amplitude for the transition (nlm) -> (n'l'm') is given by [/b] \int \psi_{n'l'm'}^* \vec{r} \psi_{nlm} d\tau Is the dipole transition amplitude simply a measure of how likely a certain transiton is?? Heres another question In converting \psi_{nlm_{l}m_{s}} =...