Transition Definition and 544 Threads

I'm working on a fluid flow problem that doesn't seem very complex but the solution is eluding me at the moment. Given a length of smooth tubing of known ID and roughness with water running through it, is it possible to predict at what velocity the flow will transition from "pipe" flow (fully...

Hi, I have a question. Consider a differentiable manifold. This structure is imposed by requiring differentiability of the transition functions between charts of the atlas. Does requiring on top of that, linearity or affinity of the transition functions, result in any specific extra...

1. Consider n flips of a fair coin. Calculate the probability: a. n/2 < -Total number of heads b. 5000 > total #heads c. n/2 < total #heads < 5n/8 d. n < total #heads. WHERE n = 8992 2. Consider the shopping problem Markov transition matrix .5 | .5 ----------------- .75 -...

So I'm going to graduate next year with a physics degree in a somewhat top public U.S. school. I'm thinking about going to grad school for engineering instead of physics since I would like to work in 1-2 years instead of getting my PhD in 6-7 years and then start finding work. Most likely I...

Hello everybody, I have some problems in order to count the electrons in compound using the 18th electrons rule. In the compound [(BuO)3 Mo Mo (OBu)3] I count 12 electrons (6 e- for Mo, 3 * 1e- for Metal-Metal bound, and 3 * 1e- for OBu). Is it correct? In the compound W(CO)3(P...

hi, I find that the point where the entalphy vs pressure curves of diferent phases crystaline of material is crossing corresponding at the presure where occurs a phase transition, also i find that by meant of the solope of the tangent of the curves of energy vs volume i can determine the...

Hi, I was wondering, what actually are phase transitions such as fusion or evaporation? I know thermodynamic definitions such as points where the Gibbs energy is non-analytic or heat capacity changes abruptly, but these say nothing about mechanism. Why does a substance suddenly change its...

Hi to everyone. I am a new member in this forum. I was wondering if there is a rigorous proof on to how one passes from Poisson brackets to commutor relations in QM. Any help on that would be appreciated.

Hello all, I've been reading about laser cooling, and when they speak of tuning the laser to a atomic transition, they write this (for example) as "The laser cooling was performed on the D_2 transition (3S_{1/2} \rightarrow 3 P_{3/2})". But what do they mean by that notation? I'm clueless...

Hello folks, I'm reading quite a bit of laser physics material, and I'd like to understand the conventions of the states and transitions. I'm an undergraduate, so my background in quantum mechanics is at the very basic level. I would like to know the meaning of transitions such as the...

Hello folks, I would like to know whether or not the cavity axial-mode frequencies have any influence on the frequency output of the laser beam. I suppose that the atomic transition from excited state to ground state is the only occurrence responsible for the wavelength, whereas the axial-mode...

Hello How can a monochromatic light induce a transition ( absorption ) between two energy levels whose energy difference doesn't match the frequency of the incident light ?? A treatment using time dependent perturbation theory shows that the transition will occur even when the incident...

I have a question--in D. Bohm 1951 text Quantum Theory, on p. 6 he discusses what he calls Wien's Law formula, which contains two parameters hv/kT; where h is Planck's constant and k is Boltzmann's constant. He argues that the Wien formula fits empirical [experimental] data and thus supports...

Name the following substances. a) [Cu(Cl4]2- - tetrachloridecopper(II) ion b) Ag(NH3)2+ - diamminesilver ion c) Cu(NH3)4SO4 - tetraamminecoppersulfate (or tetraamminecopper(II) sulfate) d) Al(H2O)6Cl3 - hexaaquoaluminum(III) trichloride...

Here's the question... A hydrogen atom is in the ground state at time t = 0. At this time an external electric field of magnitude E(t)=E*exp(-t/tau) is applied along the z direction. Find the first-order probability that the atom will be in the 210 (nlm) state at time t >> tau, assuming that...

This may sound stupid, but it has always confused me. If you take a line and break it into infinitely smaller pieces, you would have miniscule lines while approaching infinity, yet at an "actual" infinity what is left is just points. What bothers me is, what happens inbetween. Is there some...

May someone please explain to me or define what a second-order phase transition is? Thank you

How do I calculate partial transition rates W if I know the Branching Ratios of the different modes? :confused:

I'm reading some papers on recent measurements of the hydrogen 1S-2S transition frequency, and they report 2466.061 THz (with about nine additional digits of precision :smile:). However, when I calculate this frequency from the "exact fine-structure formula for hydrogen" (using 1S(n=1,j=0) and...

Hi! I have the following equation for the entrance loss from an open channel to a pipe, but I'm not sure how it was derived: hloss = K*(V2^2 - V1^2)/2g I have always seen entrance losses as: K*(V^2)/2g, but why is the channel flow velocity considered in the equation above. Thanks...

one reason for transition metal to form complexes is that it has some vacant d-orbitals but i wonder how this can really help the formation of complexes as in a complex, electrons are donated by ligands to stabilize the positive charge of metal cation there is just no need to promote...

I have already talked about this a little, but I have some more questions. Do transition elements obey the Octet rule? Also can you draw lious dot diagrams for them. It does not seem like you can, but I would like to know why. Also is Manganese the most stable transition element along with...

Let's say I have a Positronium atom (an atom formed by an electron and a positron), and that this atom makes a transition from an n=3 state to an n=1 state. How do I find the energy of the photon that gets emitted during this transition? I've tried to use the Lyman series to find the...

here is the question I am stuck on: Radiation from a helium ion He+ is nearly equal to the wavelength to the H_\alpha line (the first line of the Balmer series). (a) Between what states (values of n) does the transition in the helium ion occur? (b) is the wavelenght greater or smaller than that...

"Imagine a system S of some kind. Suppose there is a way to make a number of copies from it, possibly with variations. Suppose that these systems are united into a new system S' which has the systems of the S type as its subsystems, and includes also an additional mechanism which controls the...

Bound to happen?, was it inevitable since multicellular organisms has a lot more advantages than unicellular organisms.

could i get help or a formula for this question please Use the Energy Levels for Hydrogen to calculate the wavelength corresponding to the following electron transition Transition Energy in ev's Emitted wavelengths in m 2->1______ ________x10______

Place two black and two red checkers in proximity on a plain background. First observe together the red checkers, then secondly the black. Would you consider this transition in perception to be more a classical or a quantum process? Now try this observation repeatedly, with varying...

Assuming that all transitions are possible, will the optical spectrum (380nm to 700nm) of hydrogen have more or fewer lines than the optical spectrum of doubly ionized lithium? Im not sure on this one but I think its lithium, but like I said I am not sure

is there any transition of He+ that could be excited by collision with an excited hydrogen atom in 2s^1?

Does it make sense to speak of the probability of finding a system which was once in the ground state in a higher state after a certain time? Since the Hamiltonian depends on time, once you collapse the wavefunction at that time, the energy you get can't be one of the values of the unperturbed...

What is the energy of the photon emitted when a positronium atom goes from the n=3 state to the n=1 state? Edit: Nevermind, I figured it out. E_n = -\frac{\mu}{2{\hbar}^2} (\frac{Ze^2}{4\pi\epsilon_0})^2 \frac{1}{n^2} For hydrgen, the effective mass is approximately the mass of the...

What about the molecules and bonds of transition metals make them (such as gold) such good conductors? I'm in AP chemistry, so we may have gone over it, but I don't know right now.

An electron in the hydrogen atom makes a transition from an energy state of principle quantum number N(i) to the N=2 state. If the photon emitted has a wavelength of 434 nm, what is the value of N(i)? ...no idea

We mixed 3 ml of 1M copper solfate solution and 3ml of sodium chloride solution. This main copper ions are presented as Cu(h20)6 2+ We heated the test tube to produce cucl42- ions. This is part a) We placed 1M of copper2 sulfate solution in anoter test about 2 cm depth and slowly...

Newton's TOE 1. A dimension is a geometric frame that is independent from all other geometric frames. 2. The number of possible dimensions is unlimited. All dimensions are identical and all actions in any dimension will be the same if transposed to any other dimension. 3. All...

http://www.csicop.org/si/2004-05/new-age.html

I am in search of a way of determining the colurs of transition metal. Is there any way to find their colours without any kind of labwork. Also it would be helpful to me if anyone can give me a table concerniing the colurs of transition metals.

Experimental Quantum Transition Physics:A Necessary Heretical Postulate. :cool: There are some simple, if not heretical, postulates of physics either unknown to, avoided or ignored by the vast host of those using Quantum Theory in their theorizing. The following is simple in concept, far...

What is the energy of the photon when the Hydrogen aton transitions from the n=4 to n=3 energy state?

oxidation number of transition elements. I know the oxidation number of non-metallic elements. But :confused: How do I know the oxidation number of transition elements. Such as Fe and Cr Cr = 4s1 3d5 when Cr change to Cr2+ Cr3+ Is it stable?

anybody know what the primary mode of ligand substitution for first row octahedral transition metal complexes?

By ZF set theory we know that {a,a,a,b,b,b,c,c,c} = {a,b,c} It means that concepts like redundancy and uncertainy are out of the scpoe of set's concet in its basic form. When we allow these concepts to be inherent properties of set's concept, then we enrich our abilities to use set's...

Linux for Windows Addicts INTRODUCTION Everyone has a stance in the OS debates, but I've really never taken a side. I have Mandrake on one machine and I could do some commands and simple stuff, but I didn't really know what Linux was all about. I've been a Windows person forever and I took...